The U.S. Census Bureau has released data from the 2024 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), which provides detailed information on income and participation in assistance programs among individuals and households across the United States. The SIPP is a longitudinal survey, tracking the same people over time to measure changes in areas such as economic well-being, family structure, education, assets, health insurance coverage, child care arrangements, and food security.
The latest release includes data tables that cover receipt of various benefits and assistance programs. These include Social Security; Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF); Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); Supplemental Security Income (SSI); retirement income; unemployment insurance; free and reduced-price school meals; Veterans Administration (VA) benefits; and child support. The data are broken down by different demographic characteristics.
Additional tables provide national and state-level measures of wealth and debt for various demographic groups. This includes details on home equity, retirement accounts, vehicle debt, credit card balances, and student loans.
A brief titled “Wealth of Households: 2023” uses information from the 2024 SIPP to analyze household wealth during 2023. It examines differences in asset ownership and debt levels as well as variations in median household wealth by factors such as education level and income.
Another brief called “Monthly and Episodic Poverty: 2023” looks at monthly poverty rates, episodic poverty rates—which refer to people experiencing poverty for two or more consecutive months—and how long different demographic groups spend in poverty. This analysis draws attention to SIPP’s unique ability to provide detailed monthly poverty data.
Further resources are available on the SIPP website as well as the SIPP Library. Supporting materials such as Data Dictionaries, an Online Codebook, and an updated Users’ Guide accompany the data release.
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